History of Computers free essay sample

The math device was an early guide for numerical calculations. Its solitary worth is that it helps the memory of the human playing out the estimation. A gifted math device administrator can chip away at expansion and deduction issues at the speed of an individual furnished with a hand number cruncher. The math device is regularly wrongly ascribed to China. Truth be told, the most seasoned enduring math device was utilized in 300 B. C. by the Babylonians. The math device is still being used today, mainly in the far east. A cutting edge math device comprises of rings that slide over bars, however the more seasoned one presented underneath dates from when rocks were utilized for checking (the word analytics originates from the Latin word for stone). In 1617 an unpredictable Scotsman named John Napier designed logarithms, which are an innovation that permits augmentation to be performed by means of expansion. The enchantment fixing is the logarithm of every operand, which was initially acquired from a printed table. We will compose a custom article test on History of Computers or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Be that as it may, Napier likewise imagined an option in contrast to tables, where the logarithm esteems were cut on ivory sticks which are currently called Napiers Bones. In 1642 Blaise Pascal, at age 19, created the Pascaline as a guide for his dad who was an assessment authority. Pascal manufactured 50 of this rigging driven one-work number cruncher yet couldnt sell numerous in light of their over the top expense and on the grounds that they truly werent that exact. Up until the current age when vehicle dashboards went advanced, the odometer segment of a vehicles speedometer utilized exactly the same system as the Pascaline to augment the following wheel after each full upset of the earlier wheel. Pascal was a kid wonder. At 12 years old, he was found doing his variant of Euclids thirty-second recommendation on the kitchen floor. Pascal proceeded to concoct likelihood hypothesis, the pressure driven press, and the syringe. Appeared underneath is a 8 digit variant of the Pascaline. Only a couple of years after Pascal, the German Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz figured out how to manufacture a four mini-computer that he called the ventured reckoner in light of the fact that, rather than gears, it utilized fluted drums having ten woodwinds organized around their periphery in a step design. In spite of the fact that the ventured reckoner utilized the decimal number framework, Leibniz was the first to advocate utilization of the double number framework which is key to the activity of current PCs. Leibniz is viewed as one of the best of the rationalists yet he kicked the bucket poor and alone. In 1801 the Frenchman Joseph Marie Jacquard created a force loom that could base its weave (and thus the plan on the texture) upon an example naturally read from punched wooden cards, held together in a long line by rope. Descendents of these punched cards have been being used from that point onward. By 1822 the English mathematician Charles Babbage was proposing a steam driven computing machine the size of a room, which he called the Difference Engine. This machine would have the option to figure tables of numbers, for example, logarithm tables. Holleriths creation, known as the Hollerith work area, comprised of a card peruser which detected the openings likely to work out, an apparatus driven instrument which could tally, and an enormous mass of dial markers to show the aftereffects of the tally. Hollerith assembled an organization, the Tabulating Machine Company which, after a couple of buyouts, in the long run became International Business Machines, referred to today as IBM. IBM developed quickly and punched cards got pervasive. Your gas bill would show up every month with a punch card you needed to come back with your installment.

Science Breakthroughs (2002-2013) Essays

Science Breakthroughs (2002-2013) Essays Science Breakthroughs (2002-2013) Essay Science Breakthroughs (2002-2013) Essay Nueva EciJa University of Science and Technology Laboratory High School Gen. Tinio St. , Cabanatuan City Science Breakthroughs (2002-2013) Submitted to: Maam Arlene Gonzales Submitted by: Euna Rastyne T. Mejia Ill-Argon In 2002, U. S. researchers at the State University of New York at Stony Brook have made the primary manufactured infection. Utilizing bearings downloaded from the Internet and synthetic concoctions got from a mail-request organization, they assembled an obviously indistinguishable duplicate of the poliovirus. When infused into lab mice, the engineered infection caused loss of motion and afterward demise. The researchers, who distributed their discoveries in the online diary Science Express in July 2002, said that they embraced the investigation to demonstrate the disturbing certainty that an utilitarian pathogenic infection could be built without access to a characteristic infection. Is this little advance for natural chemistry an extraordinary jump for bioterrorism? Researchers state that couple of individuals currently have the expertise to assemble an engineered infection, significantly less one that could be a productive bioweapon. The genome of the profoundly infectious smallpox infection is around multiple times as long as that of the poliovirus and has a progressively intricate procedure of replication. Be that as it may, its blend may one day be conceivable. This being along these lines, the analysis brings up issues about the intelligence of stopping inoculation when a characteristic infection has been annihilated. In 2003, the Hubble telescope has distinguished the most established known planet†and it seems to have been framed billions of years sooner than space experts suspected conceivable. Nicknamed Methuselah after the matured scriptural patriarch, the planet is a surprising 12. 7 billion years of age. Interestingly, all other known planets (counting our own) were made around 8 billion years after the fact, approximately 4. 5 billion years prior. Methuselahs age is making stronomers reconsider the predominant hypothesis of planet development, which contends that the early universe didn't contain adequate substantial components (e. g. , carbon, silicon, and oxygen) to take into consideration planets to frame. Yet, Methuselah opposes this hypothesis, having appeared when the early stage universe had only one-thirtieth of the overwhelming components existing when our own close planetary system was conceived. In 2004, commended physicist dark gaps. Whats more, his mistake cost him a long-standing wager, obliging him to introduce a baseball reference book to John Preskill of the California Institute of Technology. On the brilliant side, Hawkings dark gap recantation had a somewhat energizing symptom: l think, he wandered, l have tackled a significant issue in hypothetical material science. Shaped from a crumbled star, a dark opening is an enormous vacuum cleaner, whose gravitational force is solid to such an extent that it sucks up everything in its manner. In 1976, Hawking guessed that dark openings produce irregular radiation (later named Hawking radiation) and lose mass until they in the long run vanish suddenly and completely. All the issue sucked into a dark gap, and all data about it (its quantum mechanical properties), would then be lost until the end of time. Be that as it may, Hawkings hypothesis repudiates a basic rule of quantum material science: no data can ever be genuinely demolished. Dark openings, if Hawking was correct, challenge the laws of the universe as we probably am aware it. This extreme hypothesis, as per Preskill, encouraged a real emergency in central material science. Preskill opposed tolerating what got known as the dark gap data conundrum, and in 1997 Hawking (alongside another partner) wager him that data gulped by a dark gap is perpetually avoided the outside universe and can never be uncovered, even as the dark opening dissipates and ompletely vanishes. After seven years, Hawking professes to have settled the very Catch 22 he made. As indicated by his modified hypothesis, dark openings in the long run open up, uncovering data about what went into them†the data remains solidly in our universe, Hawking attested. Preskill was satisfied enough at having won the wager, however recognized, Ill be straightforward, I didnt comprehend the discussion. Neither did most others in the crowd of the seventeenth International Conference on General Relativity and Gravitation in Dublin, leaving a dazed gathering of 800 researchers not certain what had hit stitch. Hawkings distributed verification of his progressive discoveries will follow, however meanwhile, he has taken care of his wager to Preskill. The bettors had settled upon a reference book, which, in contrast to a dark gap, is something from which data can be recuperated freely. In 2005, scientistss found the presence of delicate tissue in a 68-million-year-old Tyrannosaurus Rex fossil. An exceptional find in an ancient creature†scientists had expected no such tissue could endure more than 100,000 years†the delicate tissue included cells and veins. The revelation was an erendipitous one. Since this T. rex fossil was situated in a remote piece of Montana (the Hell Creek development, where around two dozen types of dinosaurs have been discovered) the fossil must be evacuated by helicopter. As indicated by scientist Jack Horner, who took an interest in the unearthing, we really needed to part the thighbone into two pieces to get it into the helicopter. At the point when his associate Mary Schweitzer later inspected the empty cavity of the messed up bone in her North Carolina State University lab, she found the malleable tissue. Researchers anticipate the delicate tissue will rovide a gold mine of data about the physiology of dinosaurs. Assessment of the delicate tissue has just yielded a few energizing disclosures. The tissue included medullary bone, a calcium-enhanced substance briefly present when winged creatures are prepared to deliver eggshells and lay eggs. Not exclusively does the nearness of medullary bone uncover that this specific T. rex was female (scientistss have at no other time decided the sex of a dinosaur), however the presence of medullary tissue likewise According to Schweitzer, it connects the conceptive physiology of dinosaurs to feathered creatures intently. It demonstrates that dinosaurs delivered and shelled their eggs substantially more like present day winged creatures than like current crocodiles. Horner remarked this is another piece to the riddle and there are a ton of them. Any individual who might contend that fowls and dinosaurs are not related†frankly, Id put them in the Flat Earth Society gathering. In 2006, scientistss uncovered the revelation of a 375-million-year-old transitional species whose anatomical characteristics overcome any issues among fish and tetrapod (four-legged vertebrate). Nicknamed the fishapod, its proper name is Tiktaalik roseae, from the Inuit name for a huge shallow-water fish. Tiktaalik Joins a few other noteworthy transitional fossils†the generally popular of which is Archaeopteryx, the part-fledgling, part-reptile thought about the missing connection among winged animals and dinosaurs, which was found in 1860, Just two years after Darwin distributed The Origin of Species. The change of amphibian animals into land creatures occurred during the Devonian time frame, around 410 to 356 million years back. In any case, before the revelation of the 375-million-year-old Tiktaalik fossils, there had been no real fossil proof to delineate this essential developmental second. As per scientist Neil Shubin of the University of Chicago, We are catching a critical change at a key snapshot of time. What is noteworthy about the creature is that it is a fossil that obscures the differentiation between two types of life†between a creature that lives in water and a creature that lives ashore. Tiktaalik looks like a gigantic textured fish with a level, crocodile nose. What flabbergasted researchers was its pectoral blades, which contain bones shaping the beginnings of a shoulder, elbow, wrist, hand, and even early fingers. Shubin depicts the blade as fundamentally a scale-shrouded arm, attesting cap heres an animal that has a balance that can do push-ups. Tiktaalik could do its fair share, hauling itself along in shallow water and onto dry land, much like a seal. Tiktaalik likewise separates itself from a fish by the presence of a crude neck and ribs. As Harvard University scientist Farish A. Jenkins clarifies, Out of water, these fish experienced gravitational powers altogether different from the relative lightness they appreciated in a sea-going setting. Rebuilding of the body to withstand these powers is apparent in the ribs, which are plate-like and cover like shingles, orming an unbending supporting system for the storage compartment. And keeping in mind that a fish has no need of a neck†in water, its whole middle effectively becomes alright behind its head while changing directions†Tiktaaliks created neck permitted it to move its head while its body, obliged by the more grounded pull of gravity ashore, stayed fixed. As per Edward Daeschler of the Academy of Natural Sciences, the mix of these fundamentally new anatomical highlights with great fishlike characteristics shows that advancement continues gradually in a mosaic example with certain components changing hile others remain the equivalent. In 2007, researchers detailed that they could utilize human skin cells to make undeveloped foundational microorganisms. Foundational microorganisms have the amazing capacity to develop uncertainly, filling in as a kind of fix framework for the body. They can conceivably isolate unbounded into any of the 220 kinds of cells in the body to without undeveloped annihilation, which would take out the moral discussion and restricted assets for look into. With moral issues off the beaten path, more assets will open up for undeveloped cell examine. Creating foundational microorganisms could prompt new isease medications by taking skin cells from an individual with a sickness and producing more immature microorganisms that could be seen from the most punctual phases of improvement. By viewing an ailment as it creates, researchers might configuration medications to regard it as well as forestall it. With undifferentiated cells delivered from a patient

Overview of Just Right OCD

Overview of 'Just Right' OCD OCD Types Print Just Right OCD Learn more about this subtype of obsessive-compulsive disorder By Marla Deibler, PsyD facebook twitter Marla W. Deibler, PsyD, MSCP, is a licensed clinical psychologist and nationally-recognized expert in anxiety disorders and other mental health topics. Learn about our editorial policy Marla Deibler, PsyD Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on November 02, 2015 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on February 10, 2020 BSIP / UIG / Getty Images More in OCD Types Causes Symptoms and Diagnosis Treatment Living With OCD Related Conditions Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is a psychiatric disorder that involves both obsessions (recurrent, persistent, intrusive thoughts, images, or urges that cause anxiety or distress) and compulsions (repetitive behaviors or mental acts aimed at neutralizing or reducing anxiety or distress or preventing the feared outcome).   Understanding Feared Outcomes Obsessions are unwanted private events that typically result in not only anxiety regarding the persistence of the obsession itself but also a feared catastrophic outcome.?? Feared outcomes commonly involve anticipatory anxiety regarding themes, such as being responsible for harm to oneself or to others, being defined as unethical or immoral, or imperfection. For example, obsessions regarding dirt and contamination may result in an overwhelming fear that if the dirt and contamination arent mitigated, one may become ill or unintentionally cause others to become ill. This fear becomes so overwhelming that it drives compulsions to minimize the perceived potential for harm and decrease the distress. In the case of contamination, one might choose to engage in washing or cleaning compulsions to reduce the chances that illness will occur and drastically diminish the anxiety. Just Right OCD Explained There is, however, a subtype of OCD for which a feared outcome is not the driving force. This is often referred to as “just right OCD” or “touristic OCD (TOCD).” TOCD involves compulsions such as counting, symmetry/evening up, arranging, ordering, positioning, touching, and tapping. In TOCD, theres no elaborate obsessional belief structure or feared outcome that drives these behaviors, but rather, intense somatic (physical) and/or psychological tension or discomfort, often described as something feeling incomplete or “not right.” Sometimes, the distress is heightened by a belief that unless the behavior is performed, the discomfort will be intolerable and/or infinite. The behaviors are then carried out to relieve these uncomfortable sensations. Some have postulated that this sensory-driven OCD is tic-like in nature ?and may be more distinctly characterized by an overlap between OCD and tic disorder/Tourette’s syndrome (TS).?? Expressing a Tic Tics are sudden, rapid, repetitive, nonfunctional motor behaviors (motor tics) or vocalizations (phonic tics), which are often preceded by premonitory (warning) sensations. This buildup of tension is relieved by tic expression, much like scratching an itch. Common motor tics include behaviors such as eye blinking, shoulder shrugging, and head jerking, while common phonic tics include throat clearing, sniffing, and grunting. Tics may also be complex in nature, involving a sequence of behaviors such as touching, gesturing, and repetition of words or phrases. Tourette’s syndrome involves the presence of multiple motor tics and one or more phonic tic(s) during the course of the disorder. Although once thought to be involuntary, people frequently have some control over the temporary suppression of these behaviors.?? Over a lifetime, 30 percent of people with OCD will experience a tic disorder as well, according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition (DSM-5). A 2015 study of 1,374 people with TS found that 72% also met the criteria for OCD or attention deficit hyperactivity disorder  (ADHD).?? Also of note, people with OCD whove had a comorbid tic disorder differ phenomenologically in terms of their OCD symptom themes, comorbidity, course, and pattern of familial transmission from those with no history of tic disorder. According to the  American Psychiatric Association, research has suggested a genetic relationship between OCD and TS as well as hypothesized a shared neurobiological underpinning.?? The upshot: TOCD or “just right” OCD symptoms seem to be a possible intertwining of the two disorders. The Difference Between Tics and OCD From a clinical perspective, the distinction between OCD and tics can be challenging to determine. For example, a repeated touching behavior may be viewed as tic behavior because of its brief, non-purposeful nature; however, this may be indistinguishable from OCD in that it may be seen as repetitive behavior carried out until it feels “right.” Such distinction, however, may be important for clinical decision-making. Whereas the evidence-based treatments for OCD are cognitive behavioral therapyâ€"particularly exposure and response prevention (EX/RP)â€"and selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), the evidence-based treatments for tic disorders are cognitive behavioral therapy, specifically habit reversal training (also known as, cognitive behavioral intervention for tics [CBIT]), and neuroleptic and alpha-2 agonists.?? TOCD can be more challenging to treat than “classic” OCD. So considering it as a phenomenon existing in an overlap of these two disorders may not only draw attention to the need to comprehensively assess for all possible behaviors in the obsessive-compulsive spectrum, it may also make more treatment options available. Psychotherapeutically, these symptoms are typically treated with EX/RP, as well as the practice of engaging in “just wrong” behavior. Added elements of HRT/CBIT, such as sensory-substitution strategies and diaphragmatic breathing, are also helpful in reducing localized tension.?? Pharmacologically, these people may be more likely to benefit from low-dose neuroleptic or alpha-2 agonist augmentation of SSRIs than typical OCD presentations. The 9 Best Online Therapy Programs

Addiction And Recovery Sonny s Blues By James Baldwin...

Sonny’s Addiction and Recovery Addiction and recovery is difficult for everyone involved in the abusers life. Friends, family, and co-workers are affected by the struggle of the abuser. In â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† by James Baldwin, the story focuses on the struggle of addiction and recovery, and how his family and friends struggle to help him through his addiction. This is a serious issue in today’s society due to the psychology affect addiction has on everyone. There are many reasons a person starts to abuse drugs. The National Association for Public Health Policy states that â€Å"Drug abuse is interwoven with the problems of poverty, illiteracy, family disruption, racism, inequalities of opportunity and economic status, mental illness, and maldistribution of political power and authority† (275). In the beginning of â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† Sonny’s brother remembers reading the article in the newspaper of Sonny’s arrest. The f ear overwhelmed him as he wondered what was going to happen to Sonny. Would he stay in jail, sent to a rehabilitation center, or just let back on the streets to start drugs again? He also struggled with the feeling of guilt; this could be his fault. Sonny’s brother thinks to himself, â€Å"I had my suspicions, but I didn’t name them. I kept putting them away. I told myself that Sonny was wild, but wasn’t crazy† (Baldwin 123). This is an example of the psychological effect that Sonny’s drug abuse has on a loved one; they have the feeling of guilt, and blame them self for notShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of James Baldwin s Sonny s Blues 916 Words   |  4 PagesJames Baldwin’s story â€Å"Sonny’s Blues† tells the tale of two African-American brothers trying to survive in 1950s America. Both struggle with darkness in their lives, from drugs to bottling up emotions. The following sources were found Literature Research Center’s website. Each of the four sources will be evaluated for the quality of their information, as well as their usefulness on the topic of darkness in â€Å" â€Å"Sonny’s Blues†. Flibbert, Joseph. Sonny s Blues: Overview. Reference Guide to ShortRead MoreF. Scott Fitzgerald s Babylon Revisited1172 Words   |  5 Pageswas written is F. Scott Fitzgerald’s short story â€Å"Babylon Revisited.† Set in Paris during the 1920s, this work delineates the story of a man named Charlie Wales who was at the pinnacle of his life when he succumbed to greed, irresponsibility, and addiction. As a result of his carelessness, Wales experiences a tragic downfall. He not only endures the death of his wife Helen, but he also loses his material fortune, his reputation, and— most importantly— the custody of his daughter Honoria. The time

Research Methods in Communication Free Essays

This paper aims to analyze the function of international and intercultural communicating as indispensable constituents in educating and developing library and information staff. Based on a literature reappraisal, the paper discusses the significance and definition of internationalisation, and provides an overview of the chief issues and tendencies in internationalisation of higher instruction. It besides explains how the construct of and attacks to internationalisation hold greatly influenced library and information scientific discipline educational scenes and plans in Europe and the USA. We will write a custom essay sample on Research Methods in Communication or any similar topic only for you Order Now The findings show that schools that already has or programs to supply exchange plans or international surveies should see international pupils and instructors as Windowss to the outside universe and new chances for personal and professional development of their local communities. Cebron, N. , Jablonkai, R. , A ; Rados, L. ( 2005 ) . The cross-cultural concern communicating undertaking or working ICT to ease ICC. Journal of Intercultural Communication, 9 ( June ) . In this survey, the writers aim to analyze the elevation of intercultural consciousness in schoolroom and particularly pupils response. The analysis is based on a undertaking in which Business English acquisition has been carried out through assorted attacks in a series of practical workshops. 500 pupils, 18 instructors, 16 establishments from 10 different states participated in the web. The findings show that ICC is deriving attending in foreign linguistic communication instruction, and the internet is proved to helpful in actuating pupils and motivating bespoke instruction tools for pupils ‘ demands. It besides finds out that instructors function in civilization instruction should be reevaluated. Cheng, L. ( 2006 ) . On the earlierization of foreign linguistic communication larning. Journal of Linyi Teachers University, 28 ( 4 ) , 134-137 Detecting the fact that Chinese kids begin larning foreign linguistic communications from progressively younger age, the writer analyses the alteration of get downing age and attitudes toward earlieraization of larning foreign linguistic communications through 67 questionnaires from 2 groups of people of different ages. To reflect the position quo and the jobs of English acquisition among kindergartners, informations of English learning resources, textooks and category agreements were collected from 10 kindergartens. By comparing the get downing age of foreign linguistic communication acquisition in China and other states, and mentioning it to the major theories on optimum foreign linguistic communication larning age, the paper concludes that analyzing foreign linguistic communication in early age is neither empiricalyl nor theoretically supported. Cowley, P. , A ; Hanna, B. E. ( 2005 ) . Cross-cultural accomplishments – Traversing the disciplinary divide. Language and Communication, 25 ( 1 ) , 1-17. The paper examines the differences in comprehending intercultural differences and its relationship to the schoolroom learning in two unites in ICC in Australian universities. It besides raises a figure of issues of relevancy to the instruction of civilization within aa‚ ¬Aâ€Å"language courses.aa‚ ¬A? . The survey includes regular observation of and engagement in the hebdomadal categories in two units of pupils of different degrees and through analysing of the lineations and reading lists provided. The survey suggestes some ways of working available signifiers of cultural difference and some ways such as interdisciplinary attack to develop pupils to see themselves every bit good communicators. Gevorgyan, G. , A ; Porter, L. V. ( 2008 ) . One size does non suit all: Culture and perceived importance of web design characteristics. Journal of Website Promotion, 3 ( 1-2 ) , 25-38. The survey assumes that harmonizing to Geert Hofstede ‘s theory of cultural dimensions, cyberspace users from different civilizations would value specific web design features otherwise. The hypotheses were tested by a study of American and Chinese college pupils ‘ perceptual experiences and penchant in certain characteristics in web sites. 67 American and 62 Chinese pupils participated in it. The consequences confirm the premise that cultural backgrounds influence perceptual experiences of web planing. On footing of this decision, it is suggested that seting cultural values in to net designing is an of import portion in website publicity. Holmes, P. ( 2005 ) . Cultural Chinese pupils ‘ communicating with cultural others in a New Zealand university. Communication Education, 54 ( 4 ) , 289-311 This interpretative survey explores the cultural Chinese pupils ‘ experiences in a New Zealand university schoolroom context. The survey was supported by realistic enquiry and 13 cultural Chinese pupils in a New Zealand concern school participated in the research. This survey finds that Chinese communicative form is a barrier to analyze in the new civilization and it was necessary for Chinese pupils to retrace and renegociate their communicating so as to accommodate to the new environment. It besides raises of import suggestions for pedagogues to acknowledge the importance of cross-cultural communicating and to seek to internationalising the schoolroom. Huntington, A. , A ; Sudbery, J. ( 2005 ) . Virtual schoolrooms: Experiences of European collaborative instruction and acquisition. Social Work Education, 24 ( 3 ) , 363-371. In this survey, the writers briefly depict some constituents and characteristics of a ‘virtual schoolroom ‘ , reflecte on staff experience, and highlight some of import issues when utilizing ICT for societal work instruction. The analysis is based on two illustrations: the first one being a compulsory talk for self-selected pupils and coachs, and the 2nd one being a instance survey of four members in a household. The findings show that on the one manus, effectual ICT needs to be used decently to heighten pupil experience and results. On the other manus, to avoid negative impact, the bing structural inequality demands to be taken into consideration. Liao, C. ( 2005 ) . A incompatible survey of the pick of grounds in Chinese and English argumentative essays. Journal of Yunnan Normal University. 3 ( 3 ) , 55-59 In this survey, the writer aims to happen out the differences in the pick of grounds in Chinese and English persuasive Hagiographas and the nexus between the major ideas in both civilizations and the differences. By analyzing the exerts from authoritative plants of both linguistic communications, the survey shows that Chinese persuasive Hagiographas tend to value sentiments of famous persons and well-known beginnings while English authors consider common people ‘s illustrations and factual statistics more forceful, and these differences are significantly influenced by the â€Å" Rule of the Law † in traditional English civilization and â€Å" Rule by Morality † in traditional Chinese civilization. Martinovic, D. , A ; Dlamini, S. N. ( 2009 ) . Is ‘good ‘ truly good? Researching internationally educated teacher campaigners ‘ verbal descriptions of their in-school experiences. Language Awareness, 18 ( 2 ) , 129-146. In this survey, the writers present an incident that shows teacher campaigners ‘ strategic ways of utilizing words like â€Å" good † and â€Å" all right † , to conceal true feelings in their instruction experience. The treatment is based on sections of informations collected from a seminar, a portion of a teacher instruction programme in a Canadian university. In the decision, the writers point out that associate instructors use this sort of linguistic communication to command instructor campaigners and forestall them from altering established norms and values, and teacher campaigners use them to support themselves against being controlled. Nakane, I. ( 2006 ) . Silence and niceness in intercultural communicating in university seminars. Journal of Pragmatics, 38 ( 11 ) , 1811-1835. This paper aims to explicate the phenomena that Asia pupils remain silence in foreign categories through comparing schoolroom behavior of pupils from Nipponese and Australian backgrounds. By utilizing participant interviews, schoolroom observation and elaborate discourse analysis, the writer suggests that the silence is normally used by Nipponese pupils to salvage face while Australian pupils tend to utilize verbal schemes for the same intent. It besides finds that Nipponese pupils ‘ extended usage of face-saving silences gives the teachers a negative feeling and is considered deficiency of resonance. However, it is besides pointed out that silence may be negotiated when they realize this state of affairs in schoolroom interaction. Ngwainmbi, E. K. ( 2004 ) . Communication in the Chinese schoolroom. Education, 125 ( 1 ) , 63-76. To analyze the correlativity between Chinese scholars and the American professors, who are believed to be incentives and wise mans, the survey uses a participant-observer attack in which a class unfastened to the populace is designed and pupils ‘s public presentation is recorded and analysed. It is found out that Chinese scholars runing in a formal environment have a critical head, and are more willing to interact on interesting subjects and in synergistic instruction manners, but they are likely to be selective when asked to notice on political issues. Tange, H. ( 2010 ) . Caught in the tower of Tower of Babel: University lectors ‘ experiences with internationalization. Language and Intercultural Communication, 10 ( 2 ) , 137-149. The paper shows that higher instruction organisations in Danmark are progressively internationalized presents. By carry oning a sum of 20 qualitative research interviews with lecture and administrative staff at three modules, the analysis emphasizes the necessity of their changing in learning mode and contents, and the challenges for lectors to move and interact in this multicultural acquisition and instruction environment. It is so suggested that establishments should pay more attending to the internationalisation of instruction, do more attempts to better their apprehension of it in order to supply comprehensive cognition and to work more expeditiously and efficaciously in a multicultural environment.. Wei, X. ( 2009 ) . On negative cultural transportation in communicating between Chinese and Americans. Journal of Intercultural Communication, 21 ( Oct ) . In this survey, the writer discusses negative cultural transportation in communicating between Chinese and Americans from two degrees: the negative transportation of surface-structure civilization such as linguistic communication signifiers and address Acts of the Apostless, and the one of deep-structure civilization in values, believing forms, spiritual beliefs and moralss. The writer examines some impressions characterized with cultural specialness and discusses their significances in inside informations. The findings shows the necessity of interrupting apart cultural stereotypes, of organizing sensitiveness to subtle differences in different civilizations, and of toleranting different attitudes toward aliens and certain communicative schemes. Xia, L. ( 2005 ) . Intercultural rhetorical surveies in argumentative discourse: English vs. Chinese. Retrieved from CNKI Academic Resources. This thesis aims to analyze both the similarities and unsimilarities of English and Chinese argumentative discourses. By closely analyzing 120 English and Chinese argumentative essays, this survey shows that Chinese inducer prefer Proverbs, analogies, and inductive logical thinking, as indicated in the preparation of ethical and logical entreaties in modern-day Chinese argumentative discourse. In contrast, Western ways of thought and accent on the values of freedom, democracy and individuality in modern-day American debate. Zeki, C. P. ( 2009 ) . The importance of non-verbal communicating in schoolroom direction. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 1 ( 1 ) , 1443-1449. The purpose of this survey is to analyze studentsaa‚ ¬a„? apprehensions of gestural communicating in schoolroom environment. The research worker enrolled 67 junior university pupils into two schoolroom direction groups who are asked to compose studies harmonizing to the instructors instructions. Contented analysis is used to analyze the qualitative informations collected from the pupils ‘ studies. The findings reveal that non-verbal communicating can significantly actuate pupils, draw and maintain their attending. Therefore, it is recommended that instructors should be cognizant of the importance of gestural communicating and utilize it decently to accomplish a better schoolroom direction. ( Word count: 1765 ) The subject I would wish to discourse is the cultural challenges that international pupils would run into in foreign schoolroom and the suggestions for them and the instructors. How to cite Research Methods in Communication, Essay examples

Oko Nelson Essays (351 words) - Life Skills, Linguistics

Oko Nelson Professor Bonnie Pratt Com 122 January 16, 2018 Any Reading Makes You Intelligence In "Reading Literature Make Us Smarter and Nicer" Annie Paul claims that individuals that reads Novels, poems, and fiction books are better able to understand other people, empathize with them and view the world from their perspective there for making them smarter and nicer. I agree with her claim that reading makes you understand the world better, improve writing skills , enhanced your intelligence, and helps you empathize with other people. On the other hand I don't agree that only reading fiction literature makes enhances your intelligence. Reading opens up a world for you that everyone has to expe rience . It teaches you things you never knew, help communicate with better, and makes you smarter, and most important makes you a better person. Today many people believe reading is not a necessity, such people have a low vocabulary, poor communication skills , and low intelligence; like what Paul said "young people are deprived from a elevating and enlightens experience of reading that will enlarge them as people" . N owadays young people only read when their teachers tell them to and are so attached to their digital devices and because of this kids are deprived of intelligence an there for not able to keep up with today's reading standers. Even though reading as a whole makes you smarter and helps you empathize with other people reading just non-fiction does not make you smarter or empathetic . I love reading books that teaches me something new every day, but I don't enjoy is reading non-fiction because in a since it is not real, so why waste time reading a story when you can read an educational book or a biography of someone's life that can build you up. There are more people like me who are not tone to reading non-fiction literature, but love to reading in general and are very smart. Like what Pa ul said we need no fix t his issue with young people and show them have amazing reading is

Free Essays on My Last Duchess

In â€Å"My Last Duchess† by Robert Browning, we are introduced to the dramatic monologue. In a dramatic monologue, the speaker unknowingly reveals his personality through his speech. In this poem, the audience listens to a conversation between the Duke and a nameless envoy who are making the final arrangements for the Duke’s second wedding. Strangely, the Duke brings out a portrait of his former wife whom he rambles incessantly about. Through the Duke’s ramblings, we learn that he is a self-centered, arrogant, and completely chauvinistic man, asserting emotions of both power and weakness. The Duke is a materialistic, proud man. He has a high rank in nobility and a well-respected name. Thus, he tries to portray himself as powerful and sophisticated. But his underlying motives shine through and we see the Duke as jealous and possessive. The Duke was formerly married and this marriage ended tragically. His last Duchess had a wandering eye and a smile for everyone. This infuriated the Duke - The Duke must have been a Leo because he always had to be in the spotlight, his pride injured when the attention was not there. He felt he should be the only one in his Duchess’s life to cause her joy or any sort of emotion, really. The Duke feels that he has made this woman. Who was she before he bestowed the almighty name on her? How dare she not show her full thanks! The Duke was like many men we see today - envious and completely ridiculous.Unfortunately for the Duchess, her innocent flirtations must have boiled the Duke over the edge. He could not talk to her about his feelings. And even if he was able, he probably would not because this would injure his ego even more. Sure maybe she would listen, but now she knows she has the upperhand over the Duke. It is all a control issue with these two.So he decides on a different plan.. The Duke became enraged to the point he hired someone to kill his wife. All this has not ... Free Essays on My Last Duchess Free Essays on My Last Duchess In â€Å"My Last Duchess† by Robert Browning, we are introduced to the dramatic monologue. In a dramatic monologue, the speaker unknowingly reveals his personality through his speech. In this poem, the audience listens to a conversation between the Duke and a nameless envoy who are making the final arrangements for the Duke’s second wedding. Strangely, the Duke brings out a portrait of his former wife whom he rambles incessantly about. Through the Duke’s ramblings, we learn that he is a self-centered, arrogant, and completely chauvinistic man, asserting emotions of both power and weakness. The Duke is a materialistic, proud man. He has a high rank in nobility and a well-respected name. Thus, he tries to portray himself as powerful and sophisticated. But his underlying motives shine through and we see the Duke as jealous and possessive. The Duke was formerly married and this marriage ended tragically. His last Duchess had a wandering eye and a smile for everyone. This infuriated the Duke - The Duke must have been a Leo because he always had to be in the spotlight, his pride injured when the attention was not there. He felt he should be the only one in his Duchess’s life to cause her joy or any sort of emotion, really. The Duke feels that he has made this woman. Who was she before he bestowed the almighty name on her? How dare she not show her full thanks! The Duke was like many men we see today - envious and completely ridiculous.Unfortunately for the Duchess, her innocent flirtations must have boiled the Duke over the edge. He could not talk to her about his feelings. And even if he was able, he probably would not because this would injure his ego even more. Sure maybe she would listen, but now she knows she has the upperhand over the Duke. It is all a control issue with these two.So he decides on a different plan.. The Duke became enraged to the point he hired someone to kill his wife. All this has not ...

The Lucky Dragon and the Bikini Atoll Nuclear Test

The Lucky Dragon and the Bikini Atoll Nuclear Test On March 1, 1954, the United States Atomic Energy Commission (AEC) set off a thermonuclear bomb on the Bikini Atoll, part of the Marshall Islands in the equatorial Pacific. The test, called Castle Bravo, was the first of a hydrogen bomb and proved the largest nuclear explosion ever initiated by the United States. In fact, it was much more powerful than American nuclear scientists had predicted. They expected a four- to six-megaton explosion, but it had an actual yield equivalent to more than 15 megatons of TNT. As a result, the effects were much more widespread than predicted. Castle Bravo blew an enormous crater into the Bikini Atoll, still clearly visible in the northwest corner of the atoll on satellite images. It also sprayed radioactive contamination across an enormous area of the Marshall Islands and the Pacific Ocean downwind from the detonation site, as the  fallout map indicated. The AEC had created an exclusion perimeter of 30 nautical miles for U.S. Navy vessels, but the radioactive fallout was dangerously high as far out as 200 miles. The AEC had not warned vessels from other nations to stay out of the exclusion area. Even if it had, that would not have helped the Japanese tuna fishing boat Daigo Fukuryu Maru, or Lucky Dragon 5, which was 90 miles from Bikini at the time of the test. It was the Lucky Dragons very bad fortune on that day to be directly downwind from Castle Bravo. Fallout on the Lucky Dragon At 6:45 a.m. on March 1, the 23 men aboard the Lucky Dragon had their nets deployed and were fishing for tuna. Suddenly, the western sky lit up as a fireball seven kilometers (4.5 miles) in diameter shot up from Bikini Atoll. At 6:53 a.m., the roar of the thermonuclear explosion rocked the Lucky Dragon. Unsure what was happening, the crew from Japan decided to continue fishing. Around 10 a.m., highly radioactive particles of pulverized coral dust began to rain down on the boat. Realizing their peril, the fishermen began to pull in the nets, a process that took several hours. By the time they were ready to leave the area, the Lucky Dragons deck was covered with a thick layer of fallout, which the men cleared away with their bare hands. The Lucky Dragon quickly set off for its home port of Yaizu, Japan. Almost immediately, the crew began to suffer from nausea, headaches, bleeding gums, and eye pain, symptoms of acute radiation poisoning. The fishermen, their catch of tuna, and the Lucky Dragon 5 herself were all severely contaminated. When the crew reached Japan, two top hospitals in Tokyo quickly admitted them for treatment. Japans government contacted the AEC for more information about the test and the fallout, to help with treatment of the poisoned fishermen, but the AEC stonewalled them. In fact, the U.S. government initially denied that the crew had radiation poisoning - a very insulting response to Japans doctors, who knew better than anyone on Earth how radiation poisoning presented in patients, following their experiences with the Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic bombings less than a decade earlier. On September 23, 1954, after six months of agonizing illness, the Lucky Dragons radio operator Aikichi Kuboyama died at the age of 40. The U.S. government would later pay his widow approximately $2,500 in restitution. Political Fallout The Lucky Dragon Incident, coupled with the atomic bombings of Japans cities in the closing days of World War II, led to a powerful anti-nuclear movement in Japan. Citizens opposed the weapons not only for their capacity to destroy cities  but also for smaller dangers such as the threat of radioactively contaminated fish entering the food market. In the decades since, Japan has been a world leader in calls for disarmament and nuclear non-proliferation, and Japanese citizens turn out in large numbers for memorials and rallies against nuclear weapons to this day. The 2011 ​Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant meltdown has re-energized the movement  and helped expand anti-nuclear sentiment against peacetime applications as well as weaponry.

Standard American English and Lyrics of Songs Essay

Standard American English and Lyrics of Songs - Essay Example For an exceptional artist to use African American language, she must have obtained a tremendously prodigious number of fans who understand her language better. For instance, when she says â€Å"to the left† is African American idiom and according to Beyonce and the song, she meant that her lover should leave the house and go away to somewhere else. Therefore, the quote â€Å"to the left† according to the standard Britain English, it is incomplete or rather â€Å"to the left† can directly and literally mean go to the left. Therefore, as far as Britain English is concerned, the meaning in those lines is not absolute. Another instance where the use of Standard English is losing the meaning is on the quote â€Å"matter fact†, here there in no preposition, but it is normal with standard American English but not standard Britain English. The meaning will always change when an artist uses standard English, for example, words like â€Å"cause† and †bout† in the song, gives a different meaning hence changes the meaning. When using words like cause instead of because, and bout instead of about, that only gives a total difference and meaning. Artists should reconsider the use of one language that can be understood easily with all people internationally. By this information, the song can reach the listener hence no problems to the

Health poster Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Health poster - Essay Example As a result, more and more children find themselves confined to indoor play which does not give them the ability to exercise as much as they should. Even when playing outdoors is an option, many children choose to remain indoors, lured by the greater technology of video games which strongly encourage sedentary behaviour while engaging the mind (Graves et al, 2007). These problems are increased as fast food restaurants tempt children to poor food choices by adding toys and games into meals targeted for children. Recognising that childhood obesity has trebled over the last decade (Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, 2010), some cities such as San Francisco have made it illegal for fast food restaurants to add toys to unhealthy food options. The aim of the present research is to help reduce the rate of childhood obesity in the primary schools. This will be accomplished by directly addressing the changing interests of children today as well as by changing children’s self-efficacy by introducing them to the tools they need to change their lives. Targeted to overweight children in the final two years of primary school, the objective of this six-month intervention program is to reduce the overall weight of the children involved by increasing their physical activity and giving them better information about diet and nutrition. There is clear evidence that there is a growing problem of obesity among children in the developed world (Centres for Disease Control and Prevention, 2008). National Health Services (2010) has tracked growing trends of obesity in both boys and girls and a tendency for children to become more engaged with sedentary activities to the degree to which they are obese – i.e., more obesity equates with greater time spent engaged in sedentary activity. Epstein et al (2008) points out that one of the

Importance of Being Ernest :: essays papers

Importance of Being Ernest Oscar Wilde The world has seen many talented literary writers. One of the more famous appeared in the late 19th century. Oscar Wilde was born in Dublin, Ireland on October 16, 1854. His life produced award-winning poetry and highly acclaimed plays. Although he had a troubled childhood, Wilde gained large popularity for his outlandish wit and compelling personality. Despite his overwhelming public appeal as a playwright, Oscar Wilde ultimately died a sad and lonely death. Oscar Wilde grew up in small house in Dublin, Ireland. His father was a well-known eye surgeon, and his mother was a poet a writer. On February 14---St. Valentine's Day--1895, London was choked with a major snow storm. But this could not prevent the opening night of The Importance of Being Earnest, at the St. James's Theatre, from being a major social event. This was in part due to the stunning popularity of Oscar Wilde in the theatre: The Importance of Being Earnest was Wilde's fourth popular West End play in only three years, and An Ideal Husband had only opened a month before and was still playing to packed house at the Haymarket Theatre a few blocks away. Fashionable London was out in force, in their most elegant clothes. As a tribute to Wilde's dandified aestheticism, women wore sprays of lilies as corsages; and many young men wore lilies of the valley in the buttonholes of lapels of their tailcoats. Wilde spent most of the performance backstage, but he was nevertheless dressed in what one biography called "the depth of fashion": "his coat had a black velvet collar; he carried white gloves; a green scarab ring adorned one of his fingers; a large bunch of seals on a black moir ribbon watch chain hung from his white waistcoat; and, like the young men in the stalls, he wore lilies of the valley in his buttonhole." Audiences came dressed in evening formal to opening nights then; in fact, you had to wear evening formal dress any night if you wanted to sit in the stalls (what we call the orchestra) or the dress circle (the first balcony). And this was true not only at the St. James's Theatre but throughout "Theatreland," the entertainment district in the West End of metropolitan London.

The Organization Kid

He feels that the students have been molded by their parents to act and dress in a certain manner. His article also concentrates on the idea that students go to college not to gain higher learning, but to get a good Job and make money. The students are being trained to be â€Å"The Organization Kid. † The Organization Kid is a generation of students who are extraordinarily bright, morally earnest and Incredibly industrious. During the Elementary School era, In the sass and sass schools assigned less and less homework, so that by 1981 the average six-to-eight-year-old was doing only fifty two minutes of homework a week.April 26, 1983, A Nation at Risk was reported. The problem, it said, was that schools had become too loose and free-flowing. Students faced a â€Å"cafeteria style curriculum† that gave them too many choices. Since then, the central focus of the school reform was on testing, accountability & medication which help reshape the minds of kids whose behavior de viates from the standard. So by 1997 the amount of homework assigned to the average child of the same age had doubled to more than two hours a week. For the period of Adolescence. It became ore organized, regulated and supervised with an emphasis on safety.Neo- romantics of the sass and sass believed that children should grow up freely and develop their own creative inclinations. Twenty nine years ago parents were advised to keep out of their kid's way. Let them grow into their own person. Now they're warned that If they aren't with their kids every single minute of their life, they'll grow up to be serial killers. For an example: people don't blame the actual shooters In the Columbine incident, two teen shooters killing 13 people at the Columbine High School, they blame their parents. Today parents do not hesitate to impose their authority.Parental authority nowadays rests on three pillars: science, safety and achievement. In the course of the Princeton Experience, the college admi nistrations tend to impose stricter regulations concerning students' behavior. As part of an effort they can go to amuse themselves without alcohol or drugs. Yet, students are increasingly supportive of universities regulation of private matters such as campus drinking. David Brooks describes the â€Å"typical Princeton student,† an impression he rives from interview sessions with students he notes are a few dozen, faculty- recommended, articulate leaders of tomorrow.Throughout his visit to Princeton, Brooks encountered clean-cut, cheerful scholars and citizens, respectful of their professors, too busy to involve themselves in national politics or social causes, too future-oriented for social life and too on-the-go to spark up intellectual conversations over a meal. To put it briefly, The Organization Kid alludes to an influential study by William H. White, called The Organization Man. The origins of â€Å"The Organization Kid† re to be found in their upbringing.Parent s relied on the achievements of medical and cognitive science to develop their children physically and intellectually. The Organization Kid is students of prestigious universities like Princeton. They appear to busy themselves with a variety of educational & extra-curriculum activities to the extent they do not have time to start a relationship or pay attention to national politics. Most of them are happy with their life, they accept high workload for the reasons of self-improvement, resume building and enrichment. They are described as optimistic, serious & conscientious.

The Terrorist Attacks Of 9 / 11 - 1645 Words

Since the terrorist attacks of 9/11, the United States (US) government has focused on terrorism as the biggest threat to stability and national security in the homeland. There have been controversial laws enacted which tested an individual’s Constitutional rights versus the security of the country as a whole, military engagements in foreign countries designed to stop terrorism overseas before reaching the homeland, and a number of law enforcement and government initiatives implemented to identify and investigate terrorists before they commit acts of terrorism or pursue material support activities in support of terrorism. Federal law enforcement agencies have been criticized recently for failing to predict when homegrown violent extremists†¦show more content†¦This integration of FEMA into the DHS was more than just window dressing because this allowed true integration between other DHS units. Prior to 9/11 and when FEMA was an independent agency, the traditional Emerg ency Management system focused on four mission areas; preparedness, response, recovery, and mitigation (Gerber, 2016). After integrating into DHS, the Emergency Management system focused on the traditional four mission areas and added protection as the fifth mission area (Gerber, 2016). In 2003, these five mission areas were incorporated into Homeland Security Presidential Directive (HSPD) – 8 and provided authority for the development of the National Preparedness Goal and, for the first time, defined â€Å"first responders† and their role in the early stages of an incident (Office of the Press Secretary, 2003). These are key points in how the Federal Government took a strong leadership role and provided guidance on how public safety entities would prepare and respond to threat incidents in a post-9/11 US. Any government policy or law must evolve and grow with experience, research, practical application, and understanding. HSPD-8 was no exception and was replaced by then-President Obama with PPD-8 in 2011, which renewed the fundamental purposes of HSPD-8 and priority attention was given to preparedness (Palin, 2011). Another key understanding learned from the previous ten years was the importance of public-private partnerships, andShow MoreRelatedThe Terrorist Attack on 9/11641 Words   |  3 PagesThe terrorist attack on September 9, 2001, known as 9/11, was the most devastating terrorist attack to date, due to the high death toll, the suspected secondary explosion found in the Twin Towers, and the explosion at the Pentagon. In order to learn about the 9/11 Terrorist Attack, one must learn more about what happened. On September 9, 2001, at 7:59 am, The American Airlines Flight 11 took off from Boston Logan Airport with 92 people onboard. At 8:14 am, the United Airlines Flight 175 took offRead MoreThe Terrorist Attack 9 / 11 Essay1668 Words   |  7 PagesMultiple groups and civilians have responded to the terrorist attack 9/11 in different ways, having different viewpoints, values, and ideologies. George W.Bush who was the President of the United States of America at the time of the 9/11 terrorist attacks was against what occurred. George W.Bush talks about the incident as being a monumental day in our nations history, and how he went from being a â€Å"President primarily focused on domestic issues to a war time President†, something he never anticipatedRead MoreThe Terrorist Attacks On 9 / 112048 Words   |  9 PagesAbstract The terrorist attacks on 9/11 made a great impact on our nation both economically and psychologically. This paper reviews the findings of some of the research that has been done since this tragic event. A big topic is the initial response our government had after the attack. 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Hundreds of lives were lost, leading to extreme reformation of the United States surveillance and homeland security systems. The 9/11 terrorist attack was an important event in America’s history that has had lasting effects on American society. On September 11, 2001, four planes were hijacked by 19 Arab Islamist extremists and used as weapons of mass destruction. TheRead MoreThe Terrorist Attacks of 9/11591 Words   |  2 PagesThe tragic events of September 11, 2001 highlighted the vulnerability to terrorist attacks. The importance of critical infrastructures to the government, people, and organization can be dependent on the vulnerability towards a national disasters, manmade hazards, and terrorist attack. Contemporary standard of what constitutes critical infrastructures has evolved as a wide array of threats has increased in modern times. Critical infrastructures represent aspects of the economy that makes the nationRead MoreThe Terrorist Attacks On 9 / 11 Essay1913 Words   |  8 PagesInstitution: Thesis Statement Since the terrorist attacks on 9/11, America has been on edge about the topic of terrorism. Groups like Al-Qaeda, Hamas, Taliban, and now more recently, ISIS, has kept the world cautious of their every next move. Looking more closely into how these groups are formed and operate could help us better understand how they can be stopped. Studying the history of terrorist organizations can help us better predict the future of terrorist organizations. Introduction TerrorismRead MoreThe Terrorist Attack Of 9 / 11 Essay2059 Words   |  9 PagesThe terrorist attack of 9/11 is one of the most devastating tragedies in the history of U.S. On the one hand, it filled American’s heart with an invariable amount of terror, but at the same time Arab Americans and Muslims were prejudicially challenged and discriminated at economic, social, and educational level. Up to a certain extent, America is a racially prejudiced country but that is just not limited to Arab American society. It includes Blacks, Italians, and Chinese with the addition of thoseRead MoreThe Roots of the Terrorist Attacks of 9/111175 Words   |  5 Pagesthe 9/11 terrorist attacks are rooted deeper than most Americans realize. The trail of historical events that led to this catastrophe are widely unknown. Many Americans believe that the war on terror began with the tragedy of the attacks on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon and ended with the death of Osama Bin Laden, but in reality, the war on terror has a long and complicated history. This paper will explore the historical events that culminated in the terrorist attack on September 11, 2001Read MoreThe Terrorist Attacks And The Aftermath Of 9 / 111037 Words   |  5 PagesTo inform my audience of the four different terrorist attacks and the aftermath of 9/11. Central Idea: On September 11, 2001 the U.S was attacked by a series of four terrorist attacks by al-Qaeda in New York City, Virginia, and Pennsylvania. Introduction â€Å"Freedom itself was attacked this morning by a faceless coward, and freedom will be defended.† This is a well known quote said by former U.S president, George W. Bush right after the 9/11 attacks and would soon be heard all around the world